In cybersecurity, Email Address Prediction refers to the use of automated tools or algorithms to generate potential email addresses associated with a target organization. These tools analyze patterns, publicly available information, and naming conventions to create plausible email addresses that could belong to individuals within the organization.

Assessing an organization's susceptibility to Email Address Prediction is crucial for several reasons:

• Phishing Attacks: Predicted email addresses can be used to launch targeted phishing attacks, increasing the likelihood of success due to the appearance of legitimacy.

• Credential Stuffing: Combining predicted email addresses with breached passwords allows attackers to attempt unauthorized access to various accounts within the organization.

• Social Engineering: Attackers can leverage predicted email addresses to impersonate trusted individuals, manipulating employees to disclose sensitive information or perform harmful actions.

• Data Privacy and Compliance: The potential exposure of employee or customer email addresses through prediction can lead to privacy violations and non-compliance with data protection regulations.

Organizations can proactively identify vulnerabilities, implement countermeasures, and protect themselves from these potential threats by assessing their susceptibility to Email Address Prediction.

ThreatNG can significantly enhance an organization's defense against Email Address Prediction through its comprehensive suite of capabilities:

Comprehensive Discovery and Assessment: ThreatNG can identify patterns and conventions used in an organization's public-facing email addresses. This is achieved by leveraging its Domain Intelligence module to analyze DNS records, subdomains, and certificates. ThreatNG can also identify email addresses that are inadvertently leaked in forums, code repositories (Sensitive Code Exposure), or past web pages (Archived Web Pages). By understanding these patterns, ThreatNG can predict potential email addresses that could be targeted.

Risk Assessment and Prioritization: ThreatNG's Cyber Risk Exposure module assesses the likelihood and potential impact of Email Address Prediction attacks. By understanding the organization's email naming conventions and the types of information exposed online, ThreatNG can prioritize remediation efforts based on the most vulnerable areas.

Proactive Threat Mitigation and Integration: ThreatNG's continuous monitoring capabilities and threat intelligence repositories can unusual patterns that might indicate an ongoing Email Address Prediction attack. This information can alert security teams and trigger responses, such as blocking suspicious IP addresses or domains. Furthermore, ThreatNG can integrate with existing email security solutions (e.g., email gateways) to enhance their detection and prevention capabilities.

Real-World Examples:

• Financial Institution: ThreatNG discovers that the institution's email naming convention (firstname.lastname@domain.com) is easily guessable. The tool also identifies employee email addresses exposed in repositories. By integrating with the institution's email security gateway, ThreatNG provides a list of predicted email addresses that can be used to create filtering rules, proactively blocking phishing emails sent to these addresses.

• Healthcare Provider: ThreatNG detects a pattern in the provider's public-facing email addresses that could be exploited for prediction. It also finds that employee email addresses were leaked in a data breach. ThreatNG's integration with the provider's security awareness training platform allows for targeted training on the risks of oversharing personal information online and recognizing phishing emails.

By leveraging ThreatNG's comprehensive capabilities, organizations can proactively identify, assess, and mitigate the risks associated with Email Address Prediction, safeguarding their employees and sensitive information from targeted attacks.