Personal Data

In cybersecurity, Personal Data is any information that can be used to directly or indirectly identify an individual. This can include:

• Obvious identifiers: Name, address, phone number, email address, social security number, passport number, driver's license, etc.

• Less obvious identifiers: IP address, location data, online identifiers (cookies, usernames), biometric data, financial information, medical records, etc.

• Sensitive personal data: This includes information about a person's race, ethnicity, political opinions, religious beliefs, health, sexual orientation, or genetic information.

Why is it crucial for organizations to be aware of the presence and exposure of personal data?

• Legal and regulatory compliance: Many laws and regulations, such as GDPR, CCPA, and HIPAA, mandate the protection of personal data. Organizations that do not comply can face hefty fines and reputational damage.

• Ethical responsibility: Organizations have a moral obligation to protect the privacy of individuals and safeguard their data.

• Preventing data breaches: Data breaches can lead to identity theft, financial loss, and reputational damage for the individual and the organization.

• Maintaining trust: Customers and employees trust organizations with their personal data, and protecting this data is essential for maintaining that trust.

Journaling Apps and Personal Data:

Journaling apps like Day One and jrnl store highly personal and sensitive information. This can include:

• Thoughts and feelings: Often very private and revealing information.

• Personal experiences: These may consist of details about relationships, health, or other sensitive topics.

• Location data: Some apps track location, potentially revealing private places visited.

• Photos and videos: May contain personally identifiable information or sensitive content.

Organizations need to be aware of the presence of such data within their systems because:

• Employee use: Employees may use these apps on company devices or networks, potentially exposing the data to security risks.

• Data discovery: During legal proceedings or investigations, organizations may need to identify and disclose relevant personal data, including journal entries.

• Data loss prevention: Organizations should have policies and technologies to prevent the accidental or malicious loss of sensitive data, including journal entries.

Key Takeaways:

• Personal data encompasses a wide range of information that can directly or indirectly identify an individual.

• Organizations must be vigilant in identifying and protecting personal data to comply with legal and ethical obligations, prevent data breaches, and maintain trust.

• Journaling apps contain susceptible personal data; organizations should know their potential presence and exposure within their systems.

ThreatNG is a comprehensive cybersecurity solution that can significantly help organizations identify and mitigate risks related to personal data exposure. Here's how its features align with the concerns we discussed:

1. Identifying and Protecting Personal Data:

• Discovery and Assessment: ThreatNG's extensive discovery capabilities, including domain intelligence, social media analysis, sensitive code exposure detection, and cloud exposure analysis, can uncover instances where personal data might be exposed. For example, it can identify:

• Leaked credentials in public code repositories could include passwords, API keys, or configuration files granting access to systems containing personal data.

• Openly accessible cloud storage buckets: ThreatNG can find unsecured AWS S3 buckets, Azure blobs, or Google Cloud Storage buckets that inadvertently expose personal data.

• Vulnerable web applications: ThreatNG can pinpoint weaknesses that could lead to data breaches through its web application hijacking susceptibility assessment and search engine exploitation capabilities.

• Data leaks on online sharing platforms: ThreatNG can scan platforms like Pastebin and Github to identify instances where sensitive information, including personal data, has been inadvertently shared.

• Continuous Monitoring: ThreatNG's continuous monitoring ensures that new exposures are identified quickly, reducing the window of vulnerability for personal data.

• Intelligence Repositories: Leveraging dark web intelligence and compromised credentials data, ThreatNG can alert organizations if their users' data is being traded or exploited.

2. Working with Complementary Solutions:

ThreatNG can integrate with existing security tools to enhance data protection:

• Data Loss Prevention (DLP) solutions: ThreatNG can feed its findings into DLP systems to automatically block the transmission of sensitive data.

• Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) systems: ThreatNG can provide valuable context to SIEM alerts, helping security teams prioritize and respond to incidents involving personal data.

• Identity and Access Management (IAM) solutions: ThreatNG can help identify unauthorized access attempts and inform IAM policies.

3. Investigation Modules and Personal Data Protection:

• Domain Intelligence: By analyzing DNS records, certificates, and exposed APIs, ThreatNG can help organizations understand their attack surface and identify potential entry points for attackers seeking personal data.

• Social Media: Monitoring social media for mentions of data leaks or breaches can provide early warnings about potential personal data compromises.

• Sensitive Code Exposure: Identifying exposed secrets in code repositories helps prevent attackers from exploiting these vulnerabilities to access sensitive data.

• Search Engine Exploitation: This module can uncover instances where personal data is inadvertently exposed through search engine results.

• Cloud and SaaS Exposure: ThreatNG can identify misconfigured cloud services and SaaS applications that may leak personal data.

• Online Sharing Exposure: By monitoring code-sharing platforms, ThreatNG can identify instances where sensitive data, including personal data, has been shared.

• Archived Web Pages: Analyzing archived web pages can reveal historical data exposures that might still be exploitable.

• Dark Web Presence: Monitoring the dark web for mentions of the organization or its employees can provide insights into potential data breaches and identify compromised credentials.

Examples:

• Scenario: An employee accidentally uploads a customer information database to a public GitHub repository.

• ThreatNG's Response: The sensitive code exposure module would detect the exposed data and alert the security team. The team can then take immediate action to remove the data and investigate the incident.

• Scenario: A misconfigured AWS S3 bucket containing employee records is discovered.

• ThreatNG's Response: The cloud and SaaS exposure module would identify the open bucket and alert the security team. The team can then secure the bucket and assess the potential impact on personal data.

• Scenario: An attacker gains access to an employee's account through a phishing attack.

• ThreatNG's Response: By correlating data from its intelligence repositories, ThreatNG could identify the compromised credentials and alert the organization. The organization can then reset the employee's password and mitigate the breach's impact.

By providing comprehensive visibility into an organization's external attack surface and potential data exposures, ThreatNG empowers security teams to protect personal data and comply with data privacy regulations proactively.